Thank you for your continued participation in the BE-DIRECT study on understanding immune responses to COVID-19, influenza infection and RSV vaccination in healthcare workers ( https://direct.uk-reach.org/ ) .
This questionnaire asks about your work and your history of COVID-19 and RSV infection and vaccination. if you cannot or do not wish to answer a question, then simply click on "Prefer not to answer". Please be reassured that answers will be treated in accordance with strict research governance procedures, and the study has been reviewed by the Brighton and Sussex Research Ethics Committee.
If you have completed the BE-DIRECT baseline questionnaire in the past, there will be some repetition of questions. This is to ensure we have up-to-date information about your work circumstances and COVID-19 history.Most people should be able to answer this questionnaire in about 15 minutes or so. Your answers will be stored as you go along, so you can pause the questionnaire and resume it later if you want. To do this, please select Save & Return Later . You can then continue the questionnaire from where you left off by selecting the Resume button in your UK REACH profile. You can return to your profile using the Return to Profile button provided.
If you need any further information about the study, or you have problems with any part of it, then the study team can be reached via email at direct@leicester.ac.uk or by telephone on 07425611865.
If you are looking for information on COVID-19 (coronavirus) please visit:
• Government guidelines: www.gov.uk/coronavirus
• NHS advice: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/symptoms/
• Covid-19 Workforce Wellbeing: https://www.practitionerhealth.nhs.uk/covid-19-workforce-wellbeing
If you wish to go back to an earlier question, please use the Previous Page button at the bottom of each page. Please do not use the back button on your browser as that will mean that you leave the questionnaire.
Since you last completed a BE-DIRECT questionnaire (approximately 1 year ago) have there been any important changes in any of the following aspects of your job or workplace? Please select all that apply. For any of the following, if they did not apply to you a year ago, and they still do not apply now, please select 'This has not changed'.
Your main job/role?For example, you were working as a doctor, but now you are not. You were working as a domestic assistant, but now you are working in a different role.
You should also indicate that this has changed if you have left your healthcare role or retired.
This has not changed since the last questionnaire
This has changed since the last questionnaire
Prefer not to answer
Type of workplace where you have mainly been working? For example, you were working in intensive care, but now you work in acute medicine. You were working on a surgical ward, but now you work in intensive care. You were working in a GP surgery, but now you work in a hospital.
This has not changed since the last questionnaire
This has changed since the last questionnaire
Prefer not to answer
Your job sector?
For example, you were working in the NHS, and now you work in the private sector. You were working in a university, and now you work in the NHS.
This has not changed since the last questionnaire
This has changed since the last questionnaire
Prefer not to answer
Your weekly working hours?
This has not changed since the last questionnaire
This has changed since the last questionnaire
Prefer not to answer
How often you work night shifts?
This has not changed since the last questionnaire
This has changed since the last questionnaire
Prefer not to answer
Your access to personal protective equipment at work?
This has not changed since the last questionnaire
This has changed since the last questionnaire
Prefer not to answer
Your exposure to aerosol-generating procedures?
For example: intubation, extubation, bronchoscopy, non-invasive ventilation, respiratory suctioning, and dental procedures using high speed drills.
This has not changed since the last questionnaire
This has changed since the last questionnaire
Prefer not to answer
You have indicated that some aspects of your work have changed in the last year. We would now like to ask some questions about these topics.
Please tell us about your currrent working status
If you are a healthcare student (e.g. medical student or nursing student) please answer with respect to your current clinical placement)
Working Not working Prefer not to answer
Please indicate the reason(s) you are not working now (Select all that apply) :By 'shielding' we mean taking extra steps to protect yourself, by minimising interactions between yourself and others because you are at high risk of severe illness from coronavirus (COVID-19). By 'On furlough', we mean paid by your employer through the Job Support Scheme or Job Retention Scheme and not allowed to work.
Please specify the reason you are not currently working
What is your main job/role ? Please choose the best fit and specify further if you wish. If you are not currently working, please answer about your most recent role.
Allied Health Professional - Arts therapist Allied Health Professional - Biomedical scientist Allied Health Professional - Chiropodist/Podiatrist Allied Health Professional - Clinical scientist Allied Health Professional - Dietician Allied Health Professional - Hearing aid dispenser Allied Health Professional - Occupational therapist Allied Health Professional - Operating department practicioner Allied Health Professional - Orthoptist Allied Health Professional - Physiotherapist Allied Health Professional - Practitioner psychologist Allied Health Professional - Prosthetist / Orthotist Allied Health Professional - Radiographer Allied Health Professional - Speech and language therapist Allied Health Professional - Other Allied Health Professional role (please specify) Ambulance - Emergency medical technician Ambulance - Paramedic Ambulance - Other ambulance role (please specify) Clinical support staff - OT Support Worker Clinical support staff - Phlebotomist Clinical support staff - Physiotherapy Assistant Clinical support staff - Radiography Assistant Clinical support staff - Other clinical support role (please specify) Dental - Clinical dental technician Dental - Dental Hygienist Dental - Dental nurse Dental - Dental technician Dental - Dentist Dental - Other dental role (please specify) Doctors - Doctor Medical Student Medical associates - Advanced Critical Care Practitioner Medical associates - Anaesthesia associate Medical associates - Physician Associate Medical associates - Surgical Care Practitioner Medical associates - Other medical associate (please specify) Nursing and midwifery - Advanced Nurse Practitioner Nursing and midwifery - Healthcare assistant Nursing and midwifery - Maternity support worker Nursing and midwifery - Midwife Nursing and midwifery - Nurse Nursing and midwifery - Nursing Associate Student Nurse Nursing and midwifery - Other nursing and midwifery role (please specify) Pharmacy - Pharmacist Pharmacy - Pharmacy technician Pharmacy - Other pharmacy role (please specify) Optical - Dispensing optician Optical - Optometrist Other Optical role (please specify) Wider healthcare role - Administration Wider healthcare role - Catering services Wider healthcare role - Domestic services Wider healthcare role - Estates services Wider healthcare role - Porter Wider healthcare role - Other (Please specify) Any other role (please specify) Prefer not to answer
Please specify your wider healthcare role :
Please specify your Allied Health Professional role:
Please specify your ambulance role:
Please specify your clinical support staff role:
Please specify your dental role:
Please specify your medical associates role:
Please specify your nursing and midwifery role:
Please specify your pharmacy role:
Please specify your optical role:
Please specify your job role:
In which of the following sectors is your current main job/ role? If not currently working, please answer for your most recent main job/role.
If you are a healthcare student (e.g. medical or nursing student), please give details of your current clinical placement Select all that apply.
What is your current or most recent grade?
Doctor in training post - Foundation level Doctor in training post - Core level Doctor in training post - Specialty level Locally employed / trust doctor - Foundation level Locally employed / trust doctor - Core level Locally employed / trust doctor - Specialty level GP Consultant SAS Other (please specify) Prefer not to answer
Please specify your current or most recent grade:
What is your current or most recent specialty?
Acute internal medicine Allergy Anaesthetics Audio vestibular medicine Aviation and space medicine Cardio-thoracic surgery Cardiology Chemical pathology Child and adolescent psychiatry Child mental health Clinical genetics Clinical neurophysiology Clinical oncology Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics Clinical radiology Community child health Community sexual and reproductive health Congenital cardiac surgery Cytopathology Dermatology Diagnostic neuropathology Emergency medicine Endocrinology and diabetes mellitus Forensic histopathology Forensic psychiatry Gastroenterology General (internal) medicine General practice General psychiatry General surgery Genitourinary medicine Geriatric medicine Gynaecological oncology Haematology Hepatology Histopathology Immunology Infectious diseases Intensive care medicine Interventional radiology Liaison psychiatry Maternal and fetal medicine Medical microbiology Medical oncology Medical ophthalmology Medical psychotherapy Medical virology Metabolic medicine Neonatal medicine Neurology Neurosurgery Nuclear medicine Obstetrics and gynaecology Occupational medicine Old age psychiatry Ophthalmology Oral and maxillofacial surgery Otolaryngology Paediatric allergy, immunology and infectious diseases Paediatric clinical pharmacology and therapeutics Paediatric diabetes and endocrinology Paediatric emergency medicine Paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition Paediatric inherited metabolic medicine Paediatric intensive care medicine Paediatric nephrology Paediatric neurodisability Paediatric neurology Paediatric oncology Paediatric palliative medicine Paediatric respiratory medicine Paediatric rheumatology Paediatric and perinatal pathology Paediatric cardiology Paediatric surgery Paediatrics Palliative medicine Pharmaceutical medicine Plastic surgery Pre-hospital emergency medicine Psychiatry of learning disability Public health medicine Rehabilitation medicine Rehabilitation psychiatry Renal medicine Reproductive medicine Respiratory medicine Rheumatology Sport and exercise medicine Stroke medicine Substance misuse psychiatry Trauma and orthopaedic surgery Tropical medicine Urogynaecology Urology Vascular surgery Prefer not to answer
What is your current or most recent NHS band?
Band 1 Band 2 Band 3 Band 4 Band 5 Band 6 Band 7 Band 8a Band 8b Band 8c Band 8d Band 9 Not applicable Prefer not to answer
What is your registered field of nursing?
If you are a student nurse, please give the field of nursing in which you are training
Adult
Children's
Learning disability
Mental health
Dual registration (please specify)
Prefer not to answer
Please specify the two fields in which you practice:
Please indicate which areas you work in a typical week now
Select all that apply
If you are a healthcare student (e.g. medical or nursing student), please give details of your clinical placements.
Please specify the workplace for which you selected "Other":
At present , how many hours do you work in a typical week?
How often do you work night shifts? If these are on call shifts, please answer based on how often you are actually required to work.
Never Less than once a month Once a month or more, but not every week Once a week or more but not every shift I always work nights prefer not to answer
At present, do you have access to appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) at work?
If you have more than one role or job, please consider your access to personal protective equipment (PPE) in general, across all of your jobs.
Not at all Rarely Some of the time Yes, most of the time Yes, all of the time Prefer not to answer
At present, how often are you in a room where aerosol generating procedures are performed?Aerosol generating procedures include intubation, extubation, bronchoscopy, non-invasive ventilation, respiratory suctioning, and dental procedures using high speed drills.
Never Once a month or less A few times a month Once a week A few times a week Every day Prefer not to answer
Do you have contact at work last week with each of the following groups:
If you were not working last week please use the closest working week to the time you complete this questionnaire.
If you are answering this questionnaire on a smartphone, you may find it easier to view by rotating the screen.
Face to face without physical contact
What is your ethnic group?
Please select from this list, which is the same used by the UK's Office for National Statistics.
You may have provided this information in the past but, given that this is the focus of the study, we wish to ensure we have collected this information from all participants.
Asian/Asian British - Indian Asian/Asian British - Pakistani Asian/Asian British - Bangladeshi Asian/Asian British - Chinese Asian/Asian British - Any other Asian background Black/African/Caribbean/Black British - African Black/African/Caribbean/Black British - Caribbean Black/African/Caribbean/Black British - Any other Black/African/Caribbean background Mixed/Multiple ethnic groups - White and Black Caribbean Mixed/Multiple ethnic groups - White and Black African Mixed/Multiple ethnic groups - White and Asian Mixed/Multiple ethnic groups - Any other Mixed/multiple ethnic background White - English/Welsh/Scottish/Northern Irish/British White - Irish White - Gypsy or Irish Traveller White - Any other white background Other ethnic group - Arab Other ethnic group - Any other ethnic background Prefer not to say
Do you currently take any of these medications/supplements? Please select all that apply. If you do not take any of these, please select "None of these".
* must provide value
Ibuprofen / Nurofen, any other type of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory
Vitamin D
ACE-inhibitor (e.g. ramipril, lisinopril)
Sartan (e.g. losartan, valsartan, candesartan)
Entresto (sucubitril/valsartan)
Metformin
Corticosteroid tablets (e.g. prednisolone, dexamethasone)
Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (e.g. methotrexate, mycophenalate, sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquine, leflunomide, ciclosporin, cyclophosphamide)
monoclonal antibodies (e.g. infliximab, rituximab, etanercept, tocilizumab, abatacept, adalimumab)
None of these
Prefer not to answer
The option "
Are you, or do you, currently have any of the following? Please select all that apply. If none apply to you, please select "None of the above".
* must provide value
Have anyone in your household had symptoms of a respiratory viral infection in the last two weeks ?
Yes No Don't Know Prefer not to answer
Did this person have a positive test for each of the following:
Do you think you have had COVID 19 in the last 12 months?
Yes - my own suspicions
Yes - diagnosed by a positive test or another health professional
No
Don't know
Prefer not to answer
Do you think you have had Influenza (flu) in the last 12 months?
Yes - my own suspicions
Yes - diagnosed by a positive test or another health professional
No
Don't know
Prefer not to answer
Do you think you have had RSV in the last 12 months?
Yes - my own suspicions
Yes - diagnosed by a positive test or another health professional
No
Don't know
Prefer not to answer
Did you have a booster vaccination against COVID-19 in the most recent season (September 2025 - February 2026) ?
Yes
No
Prefer not to answer
Where did you have this booster vaccination?
At a hospital vaccination hub
At my GP surgery
At a community vaccination centre
Other
Prefer not to answer
You selected 'other' for the location at which you received your booster vaccine. Please specify where you had your booster vaccine.
When did you have your most recent COVID-19 booster vaccine dose?
Today D-M-Y
Which vaccine did you receive for your booster vaccination in the Sept 2025 - Feb 2026 season?
Pfizer-Biontech
Oxford-AstraZeneca
Moderna
Other
Unsure
Prefer not to answer
You selected 'other' for the type of vaccine you had for your COVID-19 booster vaccination. Please specify:
Did you have any side effects after the booster vaccination in the September 2025 - February 2026 season?
Yes
No
Which of the following side effects of the COVID-19 booster vaccine did you experience?Select all that apply
You selected 'other' for a side effect after your booster vaccine dose. Please specify
Please indicate the severity of these side effects.
Mild: Does not interfere with activity
Moderate: Interferes with daily activity
Severe: Prevents daily activity
Life-threatening: Requires emergency room visit or hospitalization
Have you ever had an Influenza (flu) vaccine?
Yes
No
Unsure
Prefer not to answer
Did you receive the influenza (flu) vaccine at the same time as your COVID-19 booster in the 2025 - 2026 season?
Yes
No
Prefer not to answer
When did you have your most recent Influenza (flu) jab?
Today D-M-Y
Did you have any side effects after the Influenza (flu) vaccination in the September 2025 - February 2026 season or your most recent flu vaccination, if you were not vaccinated in 2025/26'?
Yes
No
Which of the following side effects of the Influenza (flu) vaccine did you experience?Select all that apply
You selected 'other' for a side effect after your Influenza (flu) vaccine dose. Please specify
Please indicate the severity of these side effects.
Mild: Does not interfere with activity
Moderate: Interferes with daily activity
Severe: Prevents daily activity
Life-threatening: Requires emergency room visit or hospitalization
Have you ever had side effect from a Influenza (flu) vaccine?
Yes
No
Which of the following side effects of the Influenza (flu) vaccine did you experience?Select all that apply
You selected 'other' for a side effect after your Influenza (flu) vaccine dose. Please specify
Please indicate the severity of these side effects.
Mild: Does not interfere with activity
Moderate: Interferes with daily activity
Severe: Prevents daily activity
Life-threatening: Requires emergency room visit or hospitalization
Have you ever had a Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine?
Yes
No
Unsure
Prefer not to answer
Did you receive the RSV vaccine at the same time as your COVID-19 booster in the 2025 - 2026 season?
Yes
No
Prefer not to answer
When did you have your most recent RSV jab?
Today D-M-Y
Did you have any side effects after the RSV vaccination in the September 2025 - February 2026 season or your most recent RSV vaccination, if you were not vaccinated in 2025/26'?
Yes
No
Which of the following side effects of the RSV vaccine did you experience?Select all that apply
You selected 'other' for a side effect after your RSV vaccine dose. Please specify
Please indicate the severity of these side effects.
Mild: Does not interfere with activity
Moderate: Interferes with daily activity
Severe: Prevents daily activity
Life-threatening: Requires emergency room visit or hospitalization
Have you ever had side effect from a RSV vaccine?
Yes
No
Which of the following side effects of the RSV vaccine did you experience?Select all that apply
You selected 'other' for a side effect after your RSV vaccine dose. Please specify
Please indicate the severity of these side effects.
Mild: Does not interfere with activity
Moderate: Interferes with daily activity
Severe: Prevents daily activity
Life-threatening: Requires emergency room visit or hospitalization